Foreign relations of the United Kingdom

• There is a British Embassy on Rruga Skenderbeg in Tirana.^[16]
• FCO Profile

• Diplomatic relations were cut off before the Falklands War, they were reinstated only in 1990, after the departure of Margaret Thatcher from the post of Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
• Argentina has an embassy in London^[17]
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Buenos Aires.^[18]
• List of Treaties ruling the relations Argentina and United Kingdom (Argentine Foreign Ministry, in Spanish)

• The United Kingdom recognised Armenia on 31 December 1991.
• The first Embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Europe was established in London in October 1992.^[19]
• Since 1995, the United Kingdom has an embassy in Yerevan.^[20]
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Armenia

The UK maintains two sovereign area military bases on the island of Cyprus. The UK is also a signatory to a treaty with Greece and Turkey concerning the independence of Cyprus, the Treaty of Guarantee, which maintains that Britain is a "guarantor power" of the island's independence.^[21]

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As with Germany the political position of both countries can be seen as very good, the British population engage in a lively and highly tongue-in-cheek relationship and mostly friendly rivalry with France, stemming from hundreds of years of rivalry and enmity between the two countries and perhaps epitomised by The Sun newspaper's relentless bashing of French institutions and personalities. There have been continual clashes publicly and through national newspapers over such issues as the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) where France is seen as a major net recipient and unduly so. However in important times the United Kingdom and France normally stick close together. The two nations maintain a mutual respect for one another as both countries suffered greatly during both World Wars in which both were members of the Allies.

On a two-day summit which began in London 26 March 2008, Queen Elizabeth II threw a lavish banquet at Windsor Castle after taking the president of France, Nicolas Sarkozy, and his wife Carla Bruni-Sarkozy on a carriage ride through the streets of Windsor. The visit cemented a warm relationship with Sarkozy and Gordon Brown, and offered a chance to discuss France's positive new stance toward the United States. Other weighty topics were: expansion of France's military role in NATO and Afghanistan, a joint nuclear energy program, immigration, and the Subprime mortgage crisis that has spread from the United States to Europe. After visiting the queen, Sarkozy and Bruni-Sarkozy laid a wreath at the Tomb of The Unknown Warrior at Westminster Abbey -- a gesture designed to emphasize that Britain and France fought World War I and World War II together.

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Since World War II the UK has enjoyed excellent relations with West Germany, as well as the reunited Germany. The UK also maintains a large military presence in Germany since World War II. Tony Blair and Gerhard Schröder also enjoyed a good relationship although this was tempered by the Iraq War, where Germany aligned with France in not supporting military action against Iraq. The former German Democratic Republic was a socialist state with which the UK was naturally hostile towards during the Cold War. Germany and the UK are both members of the EU.

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India was a colony of Britain since the British East India Company ruled over large parts of central and eastern India from the 18th century before that. Since 1947, relations between the two countries have been good, now there is some disagreements over the status of Chagos Archipelago, which involves Mauritius. Around two million Indian immigrants live in the United Kingdom. India is the second biggest investor in the UK following the US. Indian culture and cuisine are very popular in the UK. Tea is imported to Britain from India. Both India and the UK, are members of the Commonwealth of Nations.

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Despite a long history of conflict from English Tudor plantation in Ireland to the Irish War of independence, the UK presently works closely with the government of the Republic of Ireland in areas concerning the peace process in Northern Ireland as well as on many security issues. In 1949 the Irish Houses of Parliament passed the Republic of Ireland Act, making the Republic of Ireland officially fully independent; the country withdrew from the Commonwealth. Under the Ireland Act 1949 Irish citizens are treated as though they are Commonwealth citizens and not aliens for the purposes of law. Until 1998, the Republic of Ireland claimed Northern Ireland, but this was rescinded under the Belfast Agreement through an amendment of the Irish Constitution, which now states an aspiration to peaceful unity. There is an ongoing dispute that also involves Denmark and Iceland, over the status of the ocean floor surrounding Rockall. However, this is for the most part a trivial issue rarely makes it onto British-Irish meeting agendas. ^[14]

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Ever since its recognized independence in 1948, the United Kingdom and Israel have shared cordial and strongly strategic relations; the two nations share interests in the fields of political cooperation, immigration (seeing as many British Jews migrate to Israel) and economic trade^{[citation needed]}. Nevertheless, Anglo-Israeli relations became turbulent in the summer of 2006 when Prime Minister Tony Blair, along with many other European leaders criticized IDF airstrikes against Hezbollah targets in Lebanon, which had high civilian casualties. During the current Brown premiership, relations between the two countries continued to remain close.

Between 4 and 5 million British tourists visit Italy every year, while 1 million Italian tourists visit the UK. ^[22] There are about 19,000 British nationals living in Italy, and 150,000 Italians living in the UK.^[23]

• 'Britalian' - British people of Italian descent.

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The United Kingdom has stated its support and recognition of the breakaway state of Kosovo from Serbia.^[24] The United Kingdom and Kosovo also maintain bilateral relations at ambassadorial level. The UK has been lobbying on behalf of the Republic of Kosovo for international recognition.

Pakistan was a colony of Britain from 1 November, 1858 to 13 August, 1947 as part of INDIAN Empire, the word India was taken from the Pakistani National river Indus that gave it's imperial name to the whole Subcontinent. Both UK and Pakistan are active members of the Commonwealth of Nations.

The United Kingdom is the second biggest importer of goods from Turkey, after Germany. Turkey exports around 8% of its total goods to the United Kingdom.^[25] Around 1,000,000 Britons take holidays in Turkey every year, while 100,000 Turks travel to the UK for business or pleasure.^[26]

The United Kingdom does not recognise the TRNC. The TRNC is only recognised by Turkey. The UK is also a signatory to a treaty with Greece and Turkey concerning the independence of Cyprus, the Treaty of Guarantee, which maintains that Britain is a "guarantor power" of the island's independence.^[27]

Former British Prime Minister Tony Blair (left) conducting diplomacy, hosted by then President of the United States, George W. Bush at Camp David in March 2003.

The United Kingdom and the United States are close military allies. The two countries share cultural similarities, as well as military research and intelligence facilities. The UK has purchased military technology from the USA such as Tomahawk cruise missiles and Trident nuclear missiles, and the US has purchased equipment from Britain (e.g. Harrier Jump Jet). The USA also maintains a large number of military personnel in the UK. In recent years, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and the President of the United States have often been close friends, for example Tony Blair and Bill Clinton and later with George W. Bush and in the 1980s the often like-minded Margaret Thatcher and Ronald Reagan. Present British policy is that the relationship with the United States represents Britain's "most important bilateral relationship".^[28]

• The UK played an important role in Uruguay’s history until the end of World War II, after which the United States played an increasing role.
• The United Kingdom has an embassy in Montevideo.^[29]
• Uruguay has an embassy in London.
• British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about the relation with Uruguay