Eleanor of England (1162-1214)
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- For other Eleanors of England, see Eleanor of England (disambiguation)
| Eleanor of England | |
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| Tenure | September 1180 – 5 October 1214 |
| Spouse | Alfonso VIII of Castile |
| Issue | |
| Berenguela, Queen of Castile Urraca, Queen of Portugal Blanche, Queen of France Fernando of Castile Leonor, Queen of Aragon Infanta Constance of Castile Henry I of Castile |
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| House | House of Plantagenet |
| Father | Henry II of England |
| Mother | Eleanor, Duchess of Aquitaine |
| Born | 13 October 1162 Domfront Castle, Normandy |
| Died | 31 October 1214 (aged 52) Burgos, Castile |
| Burial | Las Huelgas, Burgos |
Eleanor of England (known in Castilian as Leonora; 13 October 1162 – 31 October 1214) was Queen of Castile and Toledo as wife of Alfonso VIII of Castile.
She was born in the castle at Domfront, Normandy, and was baptised by Henry of Marcy. She was the sixth child and second daughter of King Henry II of England and his wife Queen Eleanor of Aquitaine. Her godfather was the chronicler Robert of Torigny, who had a special interest in her and recorded her life as best he could. She received her first name as a namesake of her mother, whose name "Eleanor" (or Alienor) had previously been unrecorded though may have been related to the Greek Helen or the Italian Elena. Another view holds that in the Occitan language, Eleanor simply meant "the other Aenor," since Eleanor of Aquitaine was named for her mother, called Aenor.
Eleanor was a younger maternal half-sister of Marie de Champagne and Alix of France. She was a younger sister of William IX, Count of Poitiers, Henry the Young King, Matilda, Duchess of Saxony, Richard I of England and Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany. She was also an older sister of Joan of Sicily and John of England.
When she was 14 years old, in September 1176, she was married to Alfonso VIII. The marriage was arranged to secure the Pyrennean border, with Gascony offered as her dowry.
Of all Eleanor of Aquitaine's daughters, her namesake Eleanor best inherited her mother's political influence. She was almost as powerful as her husband, who specified in his will that she was to rule alongside their son in the event of his death. It was she who persuaded him to marry their daughter Berenguela to the king of Leon in the interest of peace.
When Alfonso died, his queen was reportedly so devastated with grief that she was unable to preside over the burial. Their daughter Berenguela instead performed these honors. Leonora then took sick and died only twenty-eight days after her husband, and was buried at Las Huelgas abbey in Burgos.
[edit] Children
- Berenguela, Queen of Castile (August 1180 - 8 November 1246), married King Alfonso IX of Leon
- Sancho of Castile (born & died 1181)
- Sancha of Castile (1182 - 3 February 1184)
- Henry of Castile (born & died 1184)
- Urraca of Castile (1186-1220), married King Alfonso II of Portugal
- Blanca of Castile (4 March 1188 - 26 November 1252), married King Louis VIII of France
- Fernando of Castile (29 September 1189 - 1211)
- Mafalda of Castile (1191-1204)
- Constance of Castile (1195-1198)
- Constanza, nun at Las Huelgas (1201-1243)
- Eleanor of Castile(1202-1244), married King James I of Aragon
- Henry I, King of Castile (14 April 1204 - 1217)
[edit] Sources
- Fraser, Antonia. The Middle Ages, A Royal History of England.
- Gillingham, John. "Events and Opinions: Norman and English Views of Aquitaine, c.1152–c.1204." The World of Eleanor of Aquitaine: Literature and Society in Southern France between the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries, edd. Marcus Bull and Catherine Léglu. Woodbridge: Boydell Press, 2005. ISBN 1 84383 114 7.
- Rada Jiménez, Rodrigo. Historia de los hechos de España.
- Wheeler, Bonnie, and Parsons, John Carmi. Eleanor of Aquitaine: Lord and Lady. 2002
[edit] External links
| Spanish royalty | ||
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| Preceded by Richeza of Poland |
Queen consort of Castile 1170–1214 |
Succeeded by Mafalda of Portugal |
