List of state leaders in 1982
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
1981 state leaders - Events of 1982 - 1983 state leaders - State leaders by year
Contents |
[edit] Africa
- Algeria -
- President - Chadli Bendjedid, President of Algeria (1979-1992)
- Prime Minister - Mohamed Ben Ahmed Abdelghani, Prime Minister of Algeria (1979-1984)
- Angola
- President - José Eduardo dos Santos, President of Angola (1979-present)
- Benin
- President - Mathieu Kérékou, President of Benin (1972-1991)
- Botswana
- President - Quett Masire, President of Botswana (1980-1998)
- Burundi
- President - Jean-Baptiste Bagaza, President of Burundi (1976-1987)
- Cameroon
- President-
- Ahmadou Ahidjo, President of Cameroon (1960-1982)
- Paul Biya, President of Cameroon (1982-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Paul Biya, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1975-1982)
- Bello Bouba Maigari, Prime Minister of Cameroon (1982-1983)
- President-
- Cape Verde
- President - Aristides Pereira, President of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
- Prime Minister - Pedro Pires, Prime Minister of Cape Verde (1975-1991)
- Central African Republic
- President - André Kolingba, President of the Central African Republic (1981-1993)
- Chad
- President -
- Goukouni Oueddei, President of Transitional Government of National Union of Chad (1979-1982)
- Hissène Habré, President of Chad (1982-1990)
- Prime Minister - Djidingar Dono Ngardoum, Prime Minister of Chad (1982)
- President -
- Comoros
- President - Ahmed Abdallah, President of the Comoros (1978-1989)
- Prime Minister -
- Salim Ben Ali, Prime Minister of the Comoros (1978-1982)
- Ali Mroudjae, Prime Minister of the Comoros (1982-1984)
- Congo
- President - Denis Sassou-Nguesso, President of Congo (1979-1992)
- Prime Minister - Louis Sylvain Goma, Prime Minister of Congo (1975-1984)
- Djibouti
- President - Hassan Gouled Aptidon, President of Djibouti (1977-1999)
- Prime Minister - Barkat Gourad Hamadou, Prime Minister of Djibouti (1978-2001)
- Equatorial Guinea
- President - Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo, President of Equatorial Guinea (1979-present)
- Prime Minister - Cristino Seriche Bioko, Prime Minister of Equatorial Guinea (1982-1992)
- Ethiopia
- President - Mengistu Haile Mariam, President of Ethiopia (1977-1991)
- Gabon
- President - Omar Bongo, President of Gabon (1967-2009)
- Prime Minister - Léon Mébiame, Prime Minister of Gabon (1975-1994)
- The Gambia
- President - Sir Dawda Jawara, President of The Gambia (1970-1994)
- Ghana
- President - Jerry Rawlings, President of Ghana (1981-2001)
- Guinea
- President - Ahmed Sékou Touré, President of Guinea (1958-1984)
- Prime Minister - Louis Lansana Beavogui, Prime Minister of Guinea (1972-1984)
- Guinea-Bissau
- President - João Bernardo Vieira, Chairman of the Council of State of Guinea-Bissau (1980-1984)
- Prime Minister - Victor Saúde Maria, Prime Minister of Guinea-Bissau (1982-1984)
- Ivory Coast
- President - Félix Houphouët-Boigny, President of Côte d'Ivoire (1960-1993)
- Kenya
- President - Daniel arap Moi, President of Kenya (1978-2002)
- Lesotho
- Monarch - Moshoeshoe II, King of Lesotho (1970-1990)
- Prime Minister - Leabua Jonathan, Prime Minister of Lesotho (1965-1986)[1]
- Liberia
- President - Samuel K. Doe, President of Liberia (1980-1990)
- Libya
- De facto Head of State - Muammar al-Gaddafi, Guide of the Revolution of Libya (1969-present)
- Nominal Head of State - Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab, General Secretary of the General People's Congress of Libya (1981-1984)
- Head of Government - Jadallah Azzuz at-Talhi, General Secretary of the General People's Committee of Libya (1979-1984)
- Madagascar
- President - Didier Ratsiraka, President of Madagascar (1975-1993)
- Prime Minister - Désiré Rakotoarijaona, Prime Minister of Madagascar (1977-1988)
- Malawi
- President - Hastings Banda, President for Life of Malawi (1966-1994)
- Mali
- President - Moussa Traoré, President of Mali (1968-1991)
- Mauritania
- President - Mohamed Khouna Ould Haidalla, Head of State of Mauritania (1980-1984)
- Prime Minister - Maaouya Ould Sid'Ahmed Taya, Prime Minister of Mauritania (1981-1984)
- Mauritius
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Mauritius (1968-1992)
- Governor-General - Sir Dayendranath Burrenchobay, Governor-General of Mauritius (1978-1983)
- Prime Minister -
- Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1961-1982)[2]
- Anerood Jugnauth, Prime Minister of Mauritius (1982-1995)
- Mayotte (Territorial collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
- Pierre Sevellec, Prefect of Mayotte (1981-1982)
- Yves Bonnet, Prefect of Mayotte (1982)
- President of the General Council - Younoussa Bamana, President of the General Council of Mayotte (1976-1991)
- Prefect -
- Morocco
- Monarch - Hassan II, King of Morocco (1961–1999)
- Prime Minister - Maati Bouabid, Prime Minister of Morocco (1979–1983)
- Western Sahara (Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic) (self-declared, partially recognized state)
- President - Mohamed Abdelaziz, President of Western Sahara (1976-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Mohamed Lamine Ould Ahmed, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (1976-1982)
- Mahfoud Ali Beiba, Prime Minister of Western Sahara (1982-1985)
- Mozambique
- President - Samora Machel, President of Mozambique (1975–1986)
- Niger
- President - Seyni Kountché, President of the Supreme Military Council of Niger (1974-1987)
- Nigeria
- President - Shehu Shagari, President of Nigeria (1979-1983)
- Rwanda
- President - Juvénal Habyarimana, President of Rwanda (1973-1994)
- Saint Helena (British overseas territory)
- Governor - Sir John Dudley Massingham, Governor of Saint Helena (1981-1984)
- São Tomé and Príncipe
- President - Manuel Pinto da Costa, President of São Tomé and Príncipe (1975-1991)
- Senegal
- President - Abdou Diouf, President of Senegal (1981-2000)
- Prime Minister - Habib Thiam, Prime Minister of Senegal (1981-1983)
- Seychelles
- President - France-Albert René, President of Seychelles (1977-2004)
- Sierra Leone
- President - Siaka Stevens, President of Sierra Leone (1971-1985)
- Somalia
- President - Siad Barre, President of Somalia (1969-1991)
- South Africa
- President - Marais Viljoen, State President of South Africa (1979-1984)
- Prime Minister - Pieter Willem Botha, Prime Minister of South Africa (1978-1984)
- South West Africa (former League of Nations mandate under illegally continued administration by South Africa)
- Administrator-General - Danie Hough, Administrator-General of South West Africa (1980-1983)
- Premier - Dirk Mudge, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of South West Africa (1980-1983)
- Sudan
- President - Gaafar Nimeiry, President of the Sudan (1969-1985)
- Prime Minister - Gaafar Nimeiry, Prime Minister of the Sudan (1977-1985)
- Swaziland
- Monarch -
- Sobhuza II, King of Swaziland (1921-1982)[3]
- Queen Dzeliwe, Regent of Swaziland (1982-1983)
- Prime Minister - Prince Mabandla Dlamini, Prime Minister of Swaziland (1979-1983)
- Monarch -
- Tanzania
- President - Julius Nyerere, President of Tanzania (1964-1985)[4]
- Prime Minister - Cleopa David Msuya, Prime Minister of Tanzania (1980-1983)
- Zanzibar (semi-autonomous region)
- President - Aboud Jumbe, President of Zanzibar (1972-1984)
- Togo
- President - Gnassingbé Eyadéma, President of Togo (1967-2005)
- Tunisia
- President - Habib Bourguiba, President of Tunisia (1957-1987)
- Prime Minister - Mohammed Mzali, Prime Minister of Tunisia (1980-1986)
- Uganda
- President - Milton Obote, President of Uganda (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Otema Alimadi, Prime Minister of Uganda (1980-1985)
- Upper Volta
- President -
- Prime Minister - Saye Zerbo, Prime Minister of Upper Volta (1980-1982)
- Zaire
- President - Mobutu Sese Seko, President of Zaire (1965-1997)
- Head of Government -
- N'singa Udjuu Ongwabeki Untubu, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1981-1982)
- Kengo Wa Dondo, First State Commissioner of Zaire (1982-1986)
- Zambia
- President - Kenneth Kaunda, President of Zambia (1964-1991)
- Prime Minister - Nalumino Mundia, Prime Minister of Zambia (1981-1985)
- Zimbabwe
- President - Canaan Banana, President of Zimbabwe (1980-1987)
- Prime Minister - Robert Mugabe, Prime Minister of Zimbabwe (1980-1987)
[edit] Asia
- Afghanistan
- Communist Party Leader - Babrak Karmal, General Secretary of the People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (1979-1986)
- President - Babrak Karmal, President of Afghanistan (1979-1986)
- Prime Minister - Sultan Ali Keshtmand, Prime Minister of Afghanistan (1981-1988)
- Bangladesh
- President -
- Abdus Sattar, President of Bangladesh (1981–1982)
- Hossain Mohammad Ershad, President of Bangladesh (1982)
- A. F. M. Ahsanuddin Chowdhury, President of Bangladesh (1982–1983)
- Prime Minister - Shah Azizur Rahman, Prime Minister of Bangladesh (1979–1982)
- President -
- Bhutan
- Monarch - Jigme Singye Wangchuck, King of Bhutan (1972-2006)
- Brunei (British protected state)
- High Commissioner - Arthur Christopher Watson, British High Commissioner in Brunei (1978-1984)
- Monarch - Hassanal Bolkiah, Sultan of Brunei (1967–present)
- Chief Minister - Pehin Orang Kaya Laila Wijaya Dato Haji Abdul Aziz Umar, Acting Chief Minister of Brunei (1981–1983)
- Burma
- President - San Yu, President of Burma (1981-1988)
- Prime Minister - Maung Maung Kha, Prime Minister of Burma (1977-1988)
- China (People's Republic of China)
- De facto leader - Deng Xiaoping (late 1970s - early 1990s)
- Communist Party Leader - Hu Yaobang, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China (1981-1987)[5]
- De facto Head of State - Ye Jianying, Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China (1978-1983)
- Premier - Zhao Ziyang, Premier of the People's Republic of China (1980-1987)
- Hong Kong (British dependent territory)
- Governor -
- Sir Murray MacLehose, Governor of Hong Kong (1971–1982)
- Sir Philip Haddon-Cave, Acting Governor of Hong Kong (1982)
- Sir Edward Youde, Governor of Hong Kong (1982–1986)
- Governor -
- India
- President -
- N. Sanjiva Reddy, President of India (1977-1982)
- Zail Singh, President of India (1982-1987)
- Prime Minister - Indira Gandhi, Prime Minister of India (1980-1984)
- President -
- Indonesia
- President - Suharto, President of Indonesia (1967–1998)
- Japan
- Monarch - Hirohito, Emperor of Japan (1926-1989)
- Prime Minister -
- Zenko Suzuki, Prime Minister of Japan (1980-1982)
- Yasuhiro Nakasone, Prime Minister of Japan (1982-1987)
- Kampuchea
- Communist Party Leader - Heng Samrin, Secretary-General of the Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party (1981-1991)
- Head of State - Heng Samrin, Chairman of the Council of State of Kampuchea (1979-1992)
- Premier - Chan Sy, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Kampuchea (1981–1984)
- North Korea
- Communist Party Leader - Kim Il-sung, General Secretary of the Korean Workers' Party (1948-1994)
- President - Kim Il-sung, President of North Korea (1972-1994)
- Premier - Li Jong-ok, Premier of North Korea (1977-1984)
- South Korea
- President - Chun Doo-hwan, President of South Korea (1980-1988)
- Prime Minister -
- Nam Duck-woo, Prime Minister of South Korea (1980-1982)
- Yoo Chang-soon, Prime Minister of South Korea (1982)
- Kim Sang-hyup, Prime Minister of South Korea (1982-1983)
- Laos
- Communist Party Leader - Kaysone Phomvihane, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party (1975-1992)
- President - Souphanouvong, President of Laos (1975-1991)
- Premier - Kaysone Phomvihane, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Laos (1975-1991)
- Macau (overseas province of Portugal)
- Governor - Vasco de Almeida e Costa, Governor of Macau (1981-1986)
- Malaysia
- Monarch - Sultan Ahmad, Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaysia (1979-1984)
- Prime Minister - Mahathir bin Mohamad, Prime Minister of Malaysia (1981-2003)
- Maldives
- President - Maumoon Abdul Gayoom, President of the Maldives (1978–2008)
- Mongolia -
- Communist Party Leader - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, General secretary of the Central Committee of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (1958-1984)
- Head of State - Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, Chairmen of the Presidium of the People's Great Hural of Mongolia (1974-1984)
- Premier - Jambyn Batmönkh, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Mongolia (1974-1984)
- Nepal
- Monarch - Birendra, King of Nepal (1972–2001)
- Prime Minister - Surya Bahadur Thapa, Prime Minister of Nepal (1979-1983)
- Pakistan
- President - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, President of Pakistan (1978-1988)
- Head of Government - Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Chief Martial Law Administrator (1977-1985)
- Philippines
- President - Ferdinand Marcos, President of the Philippines (1965-1986)
- Prime Minister - Cesar Virata, Prime Minister of the Philippines (1981-1986)
- Singapore
- President - C. V. Devan Nair, President of Singapore (1981-1985)
- Prime Minister - Lee Kuan Yew, Prime Minister of Singapore (1959-1990)[6]
- Sri Lanka
- President - Junius Richard Jayewardene, President of Sri Lanka (1978-1989)
- Prime Minister - Ranasinghe Premadasa, Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (1978-1989)
- Taiwan (Republic of China)
- President - Chiang Ching-kuo, President of the Republic of China (1978-1988)
- Premier - Sun Yun-suan, President of the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China (1978-1984)
- Thailand
- Monarch - Bhumibol Adulyadej, King of Thailand (1946-present)
- Prime Minister - Prem Tinsulanonda, Prime Minister of Thailand (1980-1988)
- Vietnam -
- Communist Party Leader - Lê Duẩn, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam (1960-1986)
- President - Trường Chinh, Chairman of the State Council of Vietnam (1981-1987)
- Prime Minister - Phạm Văn Đồng, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Vietnam (1976-1987)[7]
[edit] Australia and Oceania
- American Samoa (unorganized, unincorporated territory of the United States)
- Governor - Peter Tali Coleman, Governor of American Samoa (1978-1985)
- Australia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Australia (1952-present)
- Governor-General -
- Sir Zelman Cowen, Governor-General of Australia (1977-1982)
- Sir Ninian Stephen, Governor-General of Australia (1982-1989)
- Prime Minister - Malcolm Fraser, Prime Minister of Australia (1975-1983)
- Norfolk Island (self-governing territory of Australia)
- Administrator -
- Thomas Ferguson Paterson, Acting Administrator of Norfolk Island (1981-1982)
- Raymond Edward Trebilco, Administrator of Norfolk Island (1982-1985)
- Chief Minister - David Buffett, Chief Minister of Norfolk Island (1979-1986)
- Administrator -
- Fiji
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Fiji (1970-1987)
- Governor General - Ratu Sir George Cakobau, Governor-General of Fiji (1973-1983)
- Prime Minister - Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Prime Minister of Fiji (1967-1987)[8]
- French Polynesia (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner - Paul Noirot-Cosson, High Commissioner of the Republic in French Polynesia (1981-1983)
- Guam (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor - Paul McDonald Calvo, Governor of Guam (1979-1983)
- Kiribati
- President -
- Ieremia Tabai, President of Kiribati (1979–1982)
- Rota Onorio, Chairman of the Council of State of Kiribati (1982–1983)
- President -
- Nauru
- President - Hammer DeRoburt, President of Nauru (1978-1986)
- New Caledonia (French overseas territory)
- High Commissioner -
- Christian Nucci, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (1981-1982)
- Jacques Roynette, High Commissioner of New Caledonia (1982-1984)
- High Commissioner -
- New Zealand
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of New Zealand (1952-present)
- Governor-General - Sir David Beattie, Governor-General of New Zealand (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Robert Muldoon, Prime Minister of New Zealand (1975-1984)
- Cook Islands (Associated state of New Zealand)
- New Zealand Representative -
- Lindsay Watt, New Zealand Representative in the Cook Islands (1980-1982)
- Paul A. J. Tipping, New Zealand Representative in the Cook Islands (1982-1985)
- Queen's Representative - Sir Gaven Donne, Queen's Representative of the Cook Islands (1975-1984)
- Prime Minister - Tom Davis, Prime Minister of the Cook Islands (1978-1983)
- New Zealand Representative -
- Niue (associated state of New Zealand)
- New Zealand Representative -
- Terry Baker, New Zealand Representative in Niue (1979-1982)
- Malcolm McNamara, New Zealand Representative in Niue (1982-1984)
- Prime Minister - Robert Rex, Premier of Niue (1974-1992)
- New Zealand Representative -
- Tokelau (territory of New Zealand)
- Administrator - Frank Henry Corner, Administrator of Tokelau (1975–1984)
- Papua New Guinea
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Papua New Guinea (1975–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Tore Lokoloko, Governor-General of Papua New Guinea (1977-1983)
- Prime Minister -
- Sir Julius Chan, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (1980-1982)
- Michael Somare, Prime Minister of Papua New Guinea (1982-1985)
- Pitcairn Islands (British dependent territory)
- Governor - Sir Richard Stratton, Governor of the Pitcairn Islands (1980-1984)
- Mayor - Ivan Christian, Magistrate of the Pitcairn Islands (1975-1984)
- Solomon Islands
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Solomon Islands (1978–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Baddeley Devesi, Governor-General of the Solomon Islands (1978–1988)
- Prime Minister - Solomon Mamaloni, Prime Minister of the Solomon Islands (1981–1984)
- Tonga
- Monarch - Taufa'ahau Tupou IV, King of Tonga (1965–2006)[9]
- Prime Minister - Tu'i Pelehake (Fatafehi), Prime Minister of Tonga (1965–1991)[10]
- Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (UN Trust Territory administered by the USA)
- High Commissioner - Janet J. McCoy, High Commissioner of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (1981-1987)
- Northern Mariana Islands (autonomous territory)
- Governor -
- Carlos S. Camacho, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (1978–1982)
- Pedro Tenorio, Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands (1982–1990)
- Governor -
- Marshall Islands (autonomous territory)
- President - Amata Kabua, President of the Marshall Islands (1979–1996)
- Federated States of Micronesia (autonomous territory)
- President - Tosiwo Nakayama, President of the Federated States of Micronesia (1979–1987)
- Palau (autonomous territory)
- President - Haruo Remeliik, President of Palau (1981-1985)
- Tuvalu
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Tuvalu (1978-present)
- Governor-General - Sir Fiatau Penitala Teo, Governor-General of Tuvalu (1978-1986)
- Prime Minister - Tomasi Puapua, Prime Minister of Tuvalu (1981-1989)
- Vanuatu
- President - Ati George Sokomanu, President of Vanuatu (1980–1984)
- Prime Minister - Walter Lini, Prime Minister of Vanuatu (1979–1991)[11]
- Wallis and Futuna (French overseas territory)
- Administrator-Superior - Robert Thil, Administrator-Superior of Wallis and Futuna (1980-1983)
- President of the Territorial Assembly - Manuele Lisiahi, President of the Territorial Assembly of Wallis and Futuna (1978-1984)
- Western Samoa
- Head of State - Malietoa Tanumafili II, O le Ao o le Malo of Western Samoa (1962–2007)
- Prime Minister -
- Tufuga Efi, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1976-1982)
- Va'ai Kolone, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1982)
- Tufuga Efi, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1982)
- Tofilau Eti Alesana, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (1982-1985)
[edit] Europe
- Albania
- Communist Party Leader - Enver Hoxha, First Secretary of the Albanian Party of Labor (1944-1985)
- Head of State -
- Premier - Adil Çarçani, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Albania (1981-1991)
- Andorra
- Co-Princes -
- French Co-Prince - François Mitterrand, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1981-1995)
- Personal Representative -
- René Laouette (1980-1982)
- Henri Benoît de Cognac (1982-1984)
- Personal Representative -
- Episcopal Co-Prince - Joan Martí Alanis, Episcopal Co-Prince of Andorra (1971-2003)
- Personal Representative - Francesc Badia (1972-1993)
- French Co-Prince - François Mitterrand, French Co-Prince of Andorra (1981-1995)
- Head of Government - Òscar Ribas Reig, Head of Government of Andorra (1982-1984)
- First Syndic -
- Estanislau Sangrà Font, First Syndic of Andorra (1978-1982)
- Francesc Cerqueda Pascuet, First Syndic of Andorra (1982-1990)
- Co-Princes -
- Austria
- President - Rudolf Kirchschläger, President of Austria (1974–1986)
- Chancellor - Bruno Kreisky, Chancellor of Austria (1970–1983)
- Belgium
- Monarch - Baudouin I, King of the Belgians (1951-1993)
- Prime Minister - Wilfried Martens, Prime Minister of Belgium (1981-1992)
- Bulgaria
- Communist Party Leader - Todor Zhivkov, General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party (1954-1989)
- Head of State - Todor Zhivkov, Chairman of the State Council of Bulgaria (1971-1989)
- Premier - Grisha Filipov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bulgaria (1981-1986)
- Cyprus
- President - Spyros Kyprianou, President of Cyprus (1977-1988)
- Czechoslovakia
- Communist Party Leader - Gustáv Husák, General Secretary of the Communisty Party of Czechoslovakia (1969-1987)
- President - Gustáv Husák, President of Czechoslovakia (1975-1989)
- Prime Minister - Lubomír Strougal, Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia (1970-1988)
- Denmark
- Monarch - Margrethe II, Queen of Denmark (1972-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Anker Jørgensen, Prime Minister of Denmark (1975-1982)
- Poul Schlüter, Prime Minister of Denmark (1982-1993)
- Faroe Islands (autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- Prime Minister - Pauli Ellefsen, Prime Minister of the Faroe Islands (1981-1985)
- Greenland (autonomous region of the Kingdom of Denmark)
- Prime Minister - Jonathan Motzfeldt, Prime Minister of Greenland (1979-1991)
- Finland
- President - Mauno Koivisto, President of Finland (1981-1994)
- Prime Minister -
- Mauno Koivisto, Prime Minister of Finland (1979-1982)
- Kalevi Sorsa, Prime Minister of Finland (1982-1987)
- Åland (autonomous province)
- Governor -
- Premier - Folke Woivalin, Premier of Åland (1979-1988)
- France
- President - François Mitterrand, President of France (1981-1995)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Mauroy, Prime Minister of France (1981-1984)
- East Germany (German Democratic Republic)
- Communist Party Leader - Erich Honecker, General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (1971-1989)
- Head of State - Erich Honecker, Chairman of the Council of State of East Germany (1976-1989)
- Premier - Willi Stoph, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of East Germany (1976-1989)
- West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany)
- President - Karl Carstens, President of West Germany (1979-1984)
- Chancellor -
- Helmut Schmidt, Chancellor of West Germany (1974-1982)
- Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of West Germany (1982-1998)
- Greece
- President - Konstantinos Karamanlis, President of Greece (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Andreas Papandreou, Prime Minister of Greece (1981-1989)
- Mount Athos (autonomous monastic state)
- Spiritual Leader - Demetrios I, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople (1972-1991)
- Hungary
- Communist Party Leader - János Kádár, First Secretary of the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (1956-1988)
- Head of State - Pál Losonczi, Chairman of the Presidential Council of Hungary (1967-1987)
- Premier - György Lázár, President of the Council of Ministers of Hungary (1975-1987)
- Iceland
- President - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland (1980-1996)
- Prime Minister - Gunnar Thoroddsen, Prime Minister of Iceland (1980-1983)
- Ireland
- President - Patrick Hillery, President of Ireland (1976-1990)
- Prime Minister -
- Garret FitzGerald, Taoiseach of Ireland (1981-1982)
- Charles Haughey, Taoiseach of Ireland (1982)
- Garret FitzGerald, Taoiseach of Ireland (1982-1987)
- Italy
- President - Sandro Pertini, President of Italy (1978-1985)
- Prime Minister -
- Liechtenstein
- Monarch - Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein (1938-1989)
- Head of Government - Hans Brunhart, Head of Government of Liechtenstein (1978-1993)
- Luxembourg
- Monarch - Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg (1964-2000)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Werner, President of the Government of Luxembourg (1979-1984)
- Malta
- President -
- Albert Hyzler, Acting President of Malta (1981-1982)
- Agatha Barbara, President of Malta (1982-1987)
- Prime Minister - Dom Mintoff, Prime Minister of Malta (1971-1984)
- President -
- Monaco
- Monarch - Rainier III, Prince of Monaco (1949-2005)
- Head of Government - Jean Herly, Minister of State of Monaco (1981-1985)
- The Netherlands
- Monarch - Beatrix, Queen of the Netherlands (1980-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Dries van Agt, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1977-1982)
- Ruud Lubbers, Prime Minister of the Netherlands (1982-1994)
- Norway
- Monarch - Olav V, King of Norway (1957-1991)
- Prime Minister - Kåre Willoch, Prime Minister of Norway (1981-1986)
- Poland
- Communist Party Leader - Wojciech Jaruzelski, First Secretary of the Central Committee of Polish United Workers' Party (1981-1989)
- Head of State - Henryk Jabłoński, Chairman of the Council of State of Poland (1972-1985)
- Premier - Wojciech Jaruzelski, President of the Council of Ministers of Poland (1981-1985)
- Portugal
- President - António Ramalho Eanes, President of Portugal (1976-1986)
- Prime Minister - Francisco Pinto Balsemão, Prime Minister of Portugal (1981-1983)
- Azores (autonomous region)
- President of the Government - João Bosco Soares Mota Amaral, President of the Autonomous Regional Government of the Azores (1976-1995)
- Madeira (autonomous region)
- President of the Government - Alberto João Jardim, President of the Regional Government of Madeira (1978–present)
- Romania
- Communist Party Leader - Nicolae Ceauşescu, General Secretary of the Romanian Communist Party (1965-1989)
- President - Nicolae Ceauşescu, President of Romania (1967-1989)
- Premier -
- San Marino
- Captains Regent -
- Mario Rossi and Ubaldo Biordi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1981–1982)
- Giuseppe Maiani and Marino Venturini, Captains Regent of San Marino (1982)
- Libero Barulli and Maurizio Gobbi, Captains Regent of San Marino (1982–1983)
- Captains Regent -
- Soviet Union
- Communist Party Leader -
- Head of State -
- Premier - Nikolai Tikhonov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union (1980-1985)
- Spain
- Monarch - Juan Carlos, King of Spain (1975–present)
- Prime Minister -
- Leopoldo Calvo Sotelo, President of the Government of Spain (1981-1982)
- Felipe González, President of the Government of Spain (1982-1996)
- Sweden
- Monarch - Carl XVI Gustaf, King of Sweden (1973-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Thorbjörn Fälldin, Prime Minister of Sweden (1979-1982)
- Olof Palme, Prime Minister of Sweden (1982-1986)
- Switzerland
- Swiss Federal Council:
- Kurt Furgler (1971-1986), Willy Ritschard (1973-1983), Hans Hürlimann (1973-1982), Georges-André Chevallaz (1973-1983), Fritz Honegger (1978-1982, President), Pierre Aubert (1978-1987), Leon Schlumpf (1979-1987), Alphons Egli (1982-1986), Rudolf Friedrich (1982-1984)
- Swiss Federal Council:
- Turkey
- President - Kenan Evren, President of Turkey (1980-1989)
- Prime Minister - Bülend Ulusu, Prime Minister of Turkey (1980-1983)
- United Kingdom
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom (1952-present)
- Prime Minister - Margaret Thatcher, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1979-1990)
- Guernsey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter de Lacey Le Cheminant, Lieutenant-Governor of Guernsey (1980–1985)
- Bailiff -
- Sir John Loveridge, Bailiff of Guernsey (1973-1982)
- Charles Frossard, Bailiff of Guernsey (1982-1992)
- Alderney (self-governing island)
- Head of Government - Jon Kay-Mouat, President of the States of Alderney (1977-1994)
- Sark (self-governing island)
- Seigneur - John Michael Beaumont, Seigneur of Sark (1974–present)
- Jersey (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Duke of Normandy (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Peter Whiteley, Lieutenant-Governor of Jersey (1979-1985)
- Bailiff - Sir Frank Ereaut, Bailiff of Jersey (1975-1985)
- Isle of Man (British Crown dependency)
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Lord of Mann (1952–present)
- Lieutenant-Governor - Sir Nigel Cecil, Lieutenant-Governor of Man (1980-1985)
- Head of Government - Percy Radcliffe, Chairman of the Executive Council of the Isle of Man (1981-1985)
- Gibraltar (British dependent territory)
- Governor -
- Sir William Jackson, Governor of Gibraltar (1978-1982)
- Sir David Williams, Governor of Gibraltar (1982-1985)
- Chief Minister - Sir Joshua Hassan, Chief Minister of Gibraltar (1972-1987)
- Governor -
- Vatican City
- Pope - John Paul II, Sovereign of the State of the Vatican City (1978-2005)
- Secretary of State - Agostino Casaroli, Cardinal Secretary of State (1979-1990)
- President - Agostino Casaroli, President of the Governorate of Vatican City State (1979-1984)
- Yugoslavia
- Communist Party Leader -
- Head of State -
- Sergej Kraigher, Chairman of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1981-1982)
- Petar Stambolić, Chairman of the Presidency of Yugoslavia (1982-1983)
- Premier -
[edit] Middle East
- Bahrain
- Monarch - Isa ibn Salman al-Khalifa, Emir of Bahrain (1961-1999)[12]
- Prime Minister - Khalifah ibn Sulman Al Khalifah, Prime Minister of Bahrain (1970-present)[13]
- Egypt
- President - Hosni Mubarak, President of Egypt (1981-present)
- Prime Minister -
- Hosni Mubarak, Prime Minister of Egypt (1981-1982)
- Ahmad Fuad Mohieddin, Prime Minister of Egypt (1982-1984)
- Iran
- Supreme Leader - Ruhollah Khomeini, Supreme Leader of Iran (1979-1989)
- President - Ali Khamenei, President of Iran (1981-1989)
- Prime Minister - Mir Hossein Moussavi, Prime Minister of Iran (1981-1989)
- Iraq
- President - Saddam Hussein, President of Iraq (1979-2003)
- Prime Minister - Saddam Hussein, Prime Minister of Iraq (1979-1991)
- Israel
- President - Yitzhak Navon, President of Israel (1978-1983)
- Prime Minister - Menachem Begin, Prime Minister of Israel (1977-1983)
- Jordan
- Monarch - Hussein I, King of Jordan (1952-1999)
- Prime Minister - Mudar Badran, Prime Minister of Jordan (1980-1984)
- Kuwait
- Monarch - Jabir al-Ahmad al-Jabir al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (1977-2006)
- Prime Minister - Saad Al-Abdullah Al-Salim Al-Sabah, Prime Minister of Kuwait (1978-2003)
- Lebanon
- President -
- Elias Sarkis, President of Lebanon (1976-1982)
- Amin Gemayel, President of Lebanon (1982-1988)
- Prime Minister - Shafik Wazzan, Prime Minister of Lebanon (1980-1984)
- President -
- Oman
- Monarch - Qabus ibn Sa'id, Sultan of Oman (1970-present)
- Prime Minister - Qabus ibn Sa'id, Prime Minister of Oman (1972-present)
- Qatar
- Monarch - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Emir of Qatar (1972-1995)
- Prime Minister - Khalifa bin Hamad Al Thani, Prime Minister of Qatar (1970-1995)[14]
- Saudi Arabia
- Monarch -
- Khalid, King of Saudi Arabia (1975-1982)
- Fahd, King of Saudi Arabia (1982-2005)
- Prime Minister -
- Khalid, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1975-1982)
- Fahd, Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia (1982-2005)
- Monarch -
- Syria
- President - Hafez al-Assad, President of Syria (1971-2000)
- Prime Minister - Abdul Rauf al-Kasm, Prime Minister of Syria (1980-1987)
- United Arab Emirates
- President - Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan, President of the United Arab Emirates (1971-2004)
- Prime Minister - Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates (1979-1990)
- North Yemen (Yemen Arab Republic)
- President - Ali Abdullah Saleh, President of North Yemen (1978-1990)[15]
- Prime Minister - Abdul Karim al-Iryani, Prime Minister of North Yemen (1980-1983)
- South Yemen (People's Democratic Republic of Yemen)
- President - Ali Nasir Mohammed, Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Council of South Yemen (1980-1986)
- Prime Minister - Haidar Abu Bakr al-Attas, Prime Minister of South Yemen (1971-1986)
[edit] North America and Caribbean
- Anguilla (British dependent territory)
- Governor - Charles Harry Godden, Governor of Anguilla (1978-1983)
- Chief Minister - Ronald Webster, Chief Minister of Anguilla (1980-1984)
- Antigua and Barbuda
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Antigua and Barbuda (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Wilfred Jacobs, Governor-General of Antigua and Barbuda (1967–1993)[16]
- Prime Minister - Vere Bird, Prime Minister of Antigua and Barbuda (1976–1994)[17]
- The Bahamas
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of the Bahamas (1973–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Gerald Cash, Governor-General of the Bahamas (1979–1988)
- Prime Minister - Lynden Pindling, Prime Minister of the Bahamas (1967–1992)[18]
- Barbados
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Barbados (1966–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Deighton Lisle Ward, Governor-General of Barbados (1976–1984)
- Prime Minister - Tom Adams, Prime Minister of Barbados (1976–1985)
- Belize
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Belize (1981–present)
- Governor-General - Minita Gordon, Governor-General of Belize (1981–1993)
- Prime Minister - George Cadle Price, Prime Minister of Belize (1961–1984)[19]
- Bermuda (British dependent territory)
- Governor - Sir Richard Posnett, Governor of Bermuda (1980-1983)
- Premier -
- David Gibbons, Premier of Bermuda (1977-1982)
- John Swan, Premier of Bermuda (1982-1995)
- British Virgin Islands (British dependent territory)
- Governor -
- Premier - Lavity Stoutt, Chief Minister of the British Virgin Islands (1979-1983)
- Canada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Canada (1952-present)
- Governor General - Edward Schreyer, Governor General of Canada (1979-1984)
- Prime Minister - Pierre Trudeau, Prime Minister of Canada (1980-1984)
- Cayman Islands (British dependent territory)
- Governor -
- Thomas Russell, Governor of the Cayman Islands (1974-1982)
- George Peter Lloyd, Governor of the Cayman Islands (1982-1987)
- Governor -
- Costa Rica
- President -
- Rodrigo Carazo Odio, President of Costa Rica (1978–1982)
- Luis Alberto Monge, President of Costa Rica (1982–1986)
- President -
- Cuba
- Communist Party Leader - Fidel Castro, First secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba (1965-present)
- President - Fidel Castro, President of the Council of State of Cuba (1976–2008)
- Premier - Fidel Castro, President of the Council of Ministers of Cuba (1959–2008)
- Dominica
- President - Aurelius Marie, President of Dominica (1980–1983)
- Prime Minister - Eugenia Charles, Prime Minister of Dominica (1980–1995)
- Dominican Republic
- President -
- El Salvador
- President -
- Revolutionary Government Junta, President of El Salvador (1979–1982)
- Álvaro Magaña, President of El Salvador (1982–1984)
- President -
- Grenada
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Grenada (1974–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Paul Scoon, Governor-General of Grenada (1978–1992)
- Prime Minister - Maurice Bishop, Prime Minister of Grenada (1979-1983)
- Guatemala
- President -
- Fernando Romeo Lucas García, President of Guatemala (1978-1982)
- Efraín Ríos Montt, President of Guatemala (1982-1983)
- President -
- Haiti
- President - Jean-Claude Duvalier, President for Life of Haiti (1971-1986)
- Honduras
- President -
- Policarpo Paz García, Provisional President of Honduras (1978-1982)
- Roberto Suazo Córdova, President of Honduras (1982-1986)
- President -
- Jamaica
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Jamaica (1962–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Florizel Glasspole, Governor-General of Jamaica (1973-1991)
- Prime Minister - Edward Seaga, Prime Minister of Jamaica (1980-1989)
- Mexico
- President -
- José López Portillo, President of Mexico (1976–1982)
- Miguel de la Madrid, President of Mexico (1982–1988)
- President -
- Montserrat (British dependent territory)
- Governor - David Kenneth Hay Dale, Governor of Montserrat (1980-1984)
- Chief Minister - John Osborne, Chief Minister of Montserrat (1978-1991)
- Netherlands Antilles (constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)
- Governor - Bernadito M. Leito, Governor of the Netherlands Antilles (1970-1983)
- Prime Minister - Dominico Martina, Prime Minister of the Netherlands Antilles (1979-1984)
- Nicaragua
- President - Junta of National Reconstruction, President of Nicaragua (1979-1985)
- Panama
- De facto leader -
- Florencio Flores Aguilar, Commandant of the National Guard (1981-1982)
- Rubén Darío Paredes, Commandant of the National Guard (1982-1983)
- President -
- Aristides Royo, President of Panama (1978-1982)
- Ricardo de la Espriella, President of Panama (1982-1984)
- De facto leader -
- Saint Christopher and Nevis (British associated state)
- Governor - Sir Clement Arrindell, Governor of Saint Christopher and Nevis (1981-1995)
- Premier - Kennedy Simmonds, Premier of Saint Christopher and Nevis (1980-1995)
- Saint Lucia
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Lucia (1979–present)
- Governor-General -
- Boswell Williams, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1980–1982)
- Sir Allen Montgomery Lewis, Governor-General of Saint Lucia (1982–1987)
- Prime Minister -
- Winston Cenac, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1981-1982)
- Michael Pilgrim, Acting Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1982)
- John Compton, Prime Minister of Saint Lucia (1982-1996)
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon (Territorial collectivity of France)
- Prefect -
- Claude Guyon, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1981-1982)
- Philippe Parant, Prefect of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1982-1983)
- President of the General Council - Albert Pen, President of the General Council of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (1968-1984)
- Prefect -
- Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
- Monarch - Elizabeth II, Queen of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1979–present)
- Governor-General - Sir Sydney Gun-Munro, Governor-General of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1976-1985)[20]
- Prime Minister - Milton Cato, Prime Minister of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (1974-1984)[21]
- Trinidad and Tobago
- President - Ellis Clarke, President of Trinidad and Tobago (1972-1987)[22]
- Prime Minister - George Chambers, Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago (1981-1986)
- Tobago (autonomous island)
- Chairman - A. N. R. Robinson, Chairman of the House of Assembly of Tobago (1980-1986)
- Turks and Caicos Islands (British dependent territory)
- Governor -
- Chief Minister - Norman Saunders, Chief Minister of Turks and Caicos Islands (1980-1985)
- United States of America
- President - Ronald Reagan, President of the United States (1981-1989)
- Puerto Rico (Commonwealth of the United States)
- Governor - Carlos Romero Barceló, Governor of Puerto Rico (1977-1985)
- United States Virgin Islands (Insular area of the United States)
- Governor - Juan Francisco Luis, Governor of US Virgin Islands (1978-1987)
[edit] South America
- Argentina
- President -
- Leopoldo Galtieri, President of Argentina (1981-1982)
- Alfredo Oscar Saint Jean, President of Argentina (1982)
- Reynaldo Bignone, President of Argentina (1982-1983)
- President -
- Bolivia
- President -
- Celso Torrelio, President of Bolivia (1981-1982)
- Junta of Commanders, President of Bolivia (1982)
- Guido Vildoso, President of Bolivia (1982)
- Hernán Siles Zuazo, President of Bolivia (1982-1985)
- President -
- Brazil
- President - João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo, President of Brazil (1979-1985)
- Chile
- President - Augusto Pinochet, President of Chile (1973-1990)
- Colombia
- President -
- Julio César Turbay Ayala, President of Colombia (1978-1982)
- Belisario Betancur, President of Colombia (1982-1986)
- President -
- Ecuador
- President - Osvaldo Hurtado, President of Ecuador (1981-1984)
- Falkland Islands (British dependent territory)
- Governor -
- Rex Hunt, Governor of the Falkland Islands (1980-1982)
- Oswaldo Jorge Garcia, Interim Argentine Military Commander of the Falkland Islands (1982)
- Mario Menéndez, Argentine Military Commander of the Falkland Islands (1982
- Jeremy Moore, British Military Commander of the Falkland Islands (1982)
- Sir Rex Hunt, Civil Commissioner of the Falkland Islands (1982-1985)
- Governor -
- Guyana
- President - Forbes Burnham, President of Guyana (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister - Ptolemy Reid, Prime Minister of Guyana (1980-1984)
- Paraguay
- President - Alfredo Stroessner, President of Paraguay (1954-1989)
- Peru
- President - Fernando Belaúnde Terry, President of Peru (1980-1985)
- Prime Minister -
- Suriname
- De facto leader - Dési Bouterse, Chairman of the National Military Council (1980-1988)
- President -
- Hendrick Chin A Sen, President of Suriname (1980-1982)
- Ramdat Misier, Acting President of Suriname (1982-1988)
- Prime Minister -
- Hendrick Chin A Sen, Prime Minister of Suriname (1980-1982)
- Henry Neyhorst, Prime Minister of Suriname (1982)
- Uruguay
- President - Gregorio Conrado Álvarez, President of Uruguay (1981-1985)
- Venezuela
- President - Luis Herrera Campins, President of Venezuela (1979-1984)
[edit] References
- ^ Lesotho only became independent in 1966.
- ^ Mauritius only became independent in 1968.
- ^ Swaziland only became independent in 1968, until when Sobhuza II was titled Paramount Chief of Swaziland.
- ^ Julius Nyerere was previously President of Tanganyika from 1962 to 1964.
- ^ Hu Yaobang was Chairman of the Communist Party of China 1981-1982 and General Secretary of the Communist Party of China 1980-1987, but the latter post only became the top position of the party on 12 September 1982.
- ^ Singapore only became independent in 1965.
- ^ Previously prime minister of North Vietnam from 1955 to 1976.
- ^ Fiji only became independent in 1970, until when Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara was titled Chief Minister of Fiji.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Tonga only became independent in 1970.
- ^ Vanuatu only became independent in 1980.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Bahrain only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Qatar only became independent in 1971.
- ^ Subsequently President of Yemen from 1990.
- ^ Antigua and Barbuda only became independent in 1981, until then Sir Wilfred Jacobs was titled Governor of Antigua and Barbuda.
- ^ Antigua and Barbuda only became independent in 1981.
- ^ The Bahamas only became independent on 1973.
- ^ Belize only became independent in 1981.
- ^ Saint Vincent and the Grenadines only became independent in 1979, until them Sir Sydney Gun-Munro was titled Governor of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.
- ^ Saint Vincent and the Grenadines only became independent in 1979.
- ^ Ellis Clarke was titled Governor-General of Trinidad and Tobago between 1972 and 1976 under the monarchy.

