Muhammad Shah
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| Muhammad Shah | |
| Emperor of Mughal Empire | |
|---|---|
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| Reign | 1719 - 1748 |
| Died | 1748 |
| Dynasty | Timurid |
| Father | Khujista Akhtar Jehan Shah |
Muhammad Shah (محمد شاه) (1748 – 1702) also known as Roshan Akhtar was a Mughal emperor of India between 1719 and 1748.[1][2][3] He was son of Khujista Akhtar Jahan Shah, the 4th son of Bahadur Shah I. Ascending the throne at the age of seventeen with the help of the Syed Brothers, he later got rid of them with the help of Nizam ul Mulk Chin Kilich Khan.
During his reign, the Mughal empire eventually broke up into a loosely-knit collection of several regional states, each with its own ruler, thus declining the authority of the emperor into a greater extent[citation needed].
In February 1739, the Persian emperor, Nader Shah decided to conquer India[citation needed]. Due to poor tactics, Muhammad Shah's army was easily defeated, and Nader Shah triumphantly entered Delhi within the span of one month, where he had the Khutba read in his name[citation needed]. In the violence that followed, more than 30,000 civilians were killed by the Persian troops, forcing Muhammad Shah to beg for mercy and handing the keys to his treasury[citation needed].
In response, Nader Shah agreed to withdraw, but Muhammad Shah paid the consequence - handing over the keys of his royal treasury and losing even the Peacock Throne, along with Koh-i-Noor and Darya-ye Noor diamonds to the Persian emperor[citation needed].
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[edit] References
- ^ Buyers, Christopher. "India, The Timurid Dynasty genealogy". The Royal Ark, Royal and Ruling Houses of Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas. http://www.royalark.net/India4/delhi11.htm. Retrieved on 2009-06-12.
- ^ Rai, Raghunath (2006). History For Class 12: Cbse. Economics/vk India Enterprises. pp. 3. ISBN 8187139692.
- ^ Keene, H. G. (2004). The Fall of the Moghul Empire of Hindustan, CHAPTER III, A.D. 1719-48. Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 1419161849. Available here on Project Guntenberg.
| Preceded by Mohammed Ibrahim |
Mughal Emperor 1720–1748 |
Succeeded by Ahmad Shah Bahadur |
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