Romanian legislative election, 2008
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| Romanian legislative election, 2008 | ||||
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| All 137 seats in the Senate All 334 seats in the Chamber of Deputies |
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| 30 November 2008 [1] | ||||
| First party | Second party | Third party | ||
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| Leader | Theodor Stolojan[2] | Mircea Geoană | Călin Popescu-Tăriceanu | |
| Party | Democratic Liberal Party | Social Democratic Party | National Liberal Party | |
| Leader since | - | 2005 | 2004 | |
| Leader's seat | not running | Dăbuleni | Ilfov | |
| Last election | 29 67 |
45+10 105+19 |
24 60 |
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| Seats won | 51 115 |
49 114 |
28 65 |
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| Seat change | +22 +48 |
-6 -10 |
+4 +5 |
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| Popular vote | 2,312,358 2,228,860 |
2,352,968 2,279,449 |
1,291,029 1,279,063 |
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| Percentage | 33.57% 32.36% |
34.16% 33.09% |
18.74% 18.57% |
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Prime Minister-designate |
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Legislative elections were held in Romania on November 30, 2008.[3] The Democratic Liberal Party (PD-L) won most seats in both the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate, although the alliance headed by the Social Democratic Party (PSD) won a fractionally higher vote share.
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[edit] Electoral System
President Traian Băsescu had wanted to introduce a single-winner two-round electoral system before this election, but a 2007 referendum on the proposal failed on insufficient turnout. A new electoral system was introduced as a compromise. Thus, this was the first suffrage in which the electoral system was changed from party-list proportional representation to a mixed member proportional representation system, and the first one to feature sub-county constituencies, called electoral colleges (colegii electorale). A candidate wins in any electoral college in which they obtain more than 50% of the vote. Seats where no candidate wins an outright majority are then allocated using the D'Hondt method. If necessary, the number of seats for each chamber is raised, by giving supplementary seats. An electoral threshold was applied of 5% for each chamber; or winning at least six colleges for the Chamber of Deputies and three colleges for the Senate by more than 50%. There was an additional adjustment for the Chamber of Deputies around the national minorities candidates.[4]
[edit] Contenders
The main contenders in the election were the centre-left alliance made up of the Social Democratic Party (PSD) and the Conservative Party (PC); the liberal-conservative Democratic Liberal Party (PD-L); and the liberal National Liberal Party (PNL).
Other significant contenders were the ethnic Hungarian party Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) and the right-wing nationalist Greater Romania Party (PRM), both of whom were represented in the previous Parliament.
[edit] Results
According to the official final results, the centre-left alliance led by Social Democratic Party won 33.1% in the Chamber of Deputies, just ahead of the Democratic Liberal Party on 32.4%, with the National Liberal Party on 18.6% and the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania on 6.2%. The alliance led by Social Democratic Party won 34.2% in the Senate, just ahead of the Democratic Liberal Party on 33.6%, with the National Liberal Party on 18.7% and the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania on 6.4%.[5] Compared to the 2004 election, the Social Democratic Party-led alliance fell back a few percent in the national vote share. The Democratic Liberal Party and National Liberal Party had competed in the last election together as the Justice and Truth Alliance, but had split in April 2007. The Democratic Liberal Party made significant gains in 2008 to become the largest party in both houses, while the National Liberal Party made smaller gains. Support for the Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania was largely unchanged. The Greater Romania Party obtained 13% of the national vote for the Chamber in 2004, but failed to make the 5% threshold for representation this year. Another nationalist party, the New Generation Party – Christian Democratic, again failed to cross the 5% threshold for representation.
| Parties and alliances | Chamber of Deputies | Senate | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Votes | Seats | +/– | Votes % | Seats % | Votes | Seats | +/– | Votes % | Seats % | ||
| Democratic Liberal Party (Partidul Democrat-Liberal) | 2,228,860 | 115 | +48 | 32.36% | 34.43% | 2,312,358 | 51 | +22 | 33.57% | 37.23% | |
PSD+PC Alliance (Alianţa PSD+PC)
|
2,279,449 | 114 110 |
–10 | 33.09% | 34.13% | 2,352,968 | 49 48 |
–6 | 34.16% | 35.77% | |
National Liberal Party (Partidul Naţional Liberal)
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1,279,063 | 65 | +5 | 18.57% | 19.46% | 1,291,029 | 28 | +4 | 18.74% | 20.44% | |
| Hungarian Democratic Union of Romania (Uniunea Democrată Maghiară din România) | 425,008 | 22 | ±0 | 6.17% | 6.59% | 440,449 | 9 | –1 | 6.39% | 6.56% | |
| Ethnic minorities parties | 243,908 | 18 | — | 3.56% | 5.39% | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Greater Romania Party (Partidul România Mare) | 217,595 | 0 | –21 | 3.15% | 0% | 245,930 | 0 | –13 | 3.57% | 0% | |
| New Generation Party (Partidul Noua Generaţie) | 156,901 | — | — | 2.27% | — | 174,519 | — | — | 2.53% | — | |
| Green Ecologist Party (Partidul Verde Ecologist) | 18,279 | — | — | 0.27% | — | 48,119 | — | — | 0.70% | — | |
| Popular and Social Protection Party (Partidul Popular şi al Protecţiei Sociale) | 8,388 | — | — | 0.12% | — | 10,805 | — | — | 0.16% | — | |
| National Democratic Christian Party (Partidul Naţional Democrat Creştin) | 316 | — | — | 0.00% | — | 1,365 | — | — | 0.02% | — | |
| Romanian Socialist Party (Partidul Socialist Român) | 585 | — | — | 0.01% | — | 445 | — | — | 0.02% | — | |
| Party of the European Romania (Partidul României Europene) | 87 | — | — | 0.00% | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Total valid votes (turnout 39.2%) | 6,858,439 | 334 | +2 | 100.00% | 100.00% | 6,877,987 | 137 | — | 100.00% | 100.00% | |
| Source: Biroul Electoral Central | |||||||||||
[edit] Chamber of Deputies
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[edit] Senate
[edit] Coalition building
It was expected that a grand coalition of the social democrats (Social Democratic Party) and the liberal conservatives (Democratic Liberal Party) would be formed.
Initially the Prime Minister designate was Theodor Stolojan, the party's official candidate.[6] He was (publicly) designated Prime Minister by the President Traian Băsescu on 11 December 2008, the official decree being issued and printed in the Monitorul Oficial the next day.
On 15 December 2008, four days after his nomination, and one day after the coalition protocol was signed, Theodor Stolojan announced that he resigned from the position of Prime Minister designate (Romanian: a depus mandatul), without giving any political nor personal reason.[7] The same day, President Traian Băsescu signed the decree that nominated the Mayor of Cluj-Napoca, and president of the Democratic Liberal Party Emil Boc.[8] Boc aims to create a government with the Social Democrats and bring Romania out of the economic crisis.[9][10]
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Our objective is to give Romania a stable and competent government.
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Boc's coalition government was approved by parliament in a 324-115 vote and was sworn in on 2008 December 22.[11][12] Mircea Geoana of the Social Democratic Party became the new head of the Senate, with Roberta Alma Anastase of the Democratic Party as the new President of the Chamber of Deputies.[13]
[edit] Opinion polling
| Polling Firm | Date | Source | PDL | PSD | PNL | PNG | UDMR | PRM | PC | PNTCD | PIN | PCM | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IMAS | 26/06/2008 | [2] | 40% | 26% | 18% | 5% | 5% | 3% | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| INSOMAR | 22-30/07/2008 | [3] | 38% | 26% | 16% | 3% | 4% | 3% | 2% | 2% | 2% | 1% | N/A |
| ATLE | 25-05/08-09/2008 | [4] | 30.2% | 33.1% | 16% | 3.2% | 4.8% | 3.4% | 3.1% | 1.1% | 2% | N/A | N/A |
| Metro-Media | 1-16/09/2008 | [5] | 37% | 28% | 17% | 3% | 5% | 5% | 3% | 1% | 3% | N/A | N/A |
| INSOMAR | 12-17/09/2008 | [6] | 39% | 25% | 20% | 3% | 4% | 4% | 1% | N/A | N/A | 1% | N/A |
| Polling Firm | Date | Source | PDL | PSD + PC | PNL | PNG | UDMR | PRM | PNTCD | PIN | Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CCSB | 22-25/09/2008 | [7] | 34% | 36% | 20% | 2% | 5% | 3% | 1% | N/A | N/A |
| CURS | 10-23/10/2008 | [8] | 32% | 31% | 18% | 5% | 5% | 5% | 1% | 1% | N/A |
| CCSB | 25-27/10/2008 | [9] | 34% | 37% | 18% | 2% | 6% | 3% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| INSOMAR | 30-03/10-11/2008 | [10] | 37% | 32% | 17% | 3% | 6% | 5% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| CCSB | 11/11/2008 | [11] | 34.5% | 37.7% | 14.4% | 2.3% | 6.6% | 4.0% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| BCS | 10-14/11/2008 | [12] | 34.4% | 31.8% | 19.9% | 1.9% | 5.1% | 3.6% | N/A | N/A | 25.5% |
| BCS | 17-21/11/2008 | [13] | 32.6% | 31.2% | 21.4% | 2.9% | 6.1% | 4.1% | N/A | N/A | 29,5% |
| INSOMAR | 21-23/11/2008 | [14] | 32% | 35% | 21% | 3% | 5% | 3% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| CSOP | 19-23/11/2008 | [15] | 34% | 31% | 21% | 3% | 7% | 3% | N/A | N/A | 27% |
| BCS | 23-26/11/2008 | [16] | 31.1% | 32% | 21.3% | 3.2% | 6.3% | 4.3% | N/A | N/A | 26% |
The first exit-polls, published by INSOMAR[14] after the polls were closed, predicted the results for the Chamber of Deputies as:
PSD+PC - 36.2% PD-L - 30.3% PNL - 20.4% UDMR - 6.7%
And for the Senate:
PSD+PC - 35.9% PD-L - 31.1% PNL - 19.9% UDMR - 6.7%
[edit] References
- ^ (Romanian) Antena 3 coverage of the subject
- ^ (Romanian) Antena 3 - Stolojan accepted unanimously
- ^ "Romania to hold elections on November 30th". SETimes.com. 2008-08-28. http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/newsbriefs/setimes/newsbriefs/2008/08/28/nb-09. Retrieved on 2009-01-12.
- ^ (Romanian) Simulation of the algorithm using an imaginary county
- ^ [1]
- ^ "Allgemeine Deutsche Zeitung für Rumänien" (in Romanian). Adz.ro. http://adz.ro/politik.htm#1. Retrieved on 2009-01-12.
- ^ "Antena 3" (in Romanian). Antena3.ro. 2008-12-15. http://www.antena3.ro/stiri/politica/basescu-ii-cheama-la-consultari-pe-liderii-politici-dupa-retragerea-lui-stolojan_60240.html. Retrieved on 2009-01-12.
- ^ "Emil Boc nominated new Romanian PM". euronews. 2008-12-15. http://www.euronews.net/en/article/15/12/2008/emil-boc-nominated-new-romanian-pm/. Retrieved on 2009-01-12.
- ^ a b "Surprise nominee for Romania's PM". BBC. 2008-12-15. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7784051.stm. Retrieved on 2008-12-16.
- ^ "Romanian Boc wins nomination for prime minister". Forbes. 2008-12-15. http://www.forbes.com/afxnewslimited/feeds/afx/2008/12/15/afx5820883.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-16.
- ^ "Boc Government OK’d by Parliament, with 324 votes in favor and 115 against". Financiarul. http://www.financiarul.ro/2008/12/22/boc-government-okd-by-parliament-with-324-votes-in-favor-and-115-against/. Retrieved on 2008-12-23.
- ^ "Romania centre-left gov't sworn in to tackle crisis". Forbes. 2008-12-22. http://www.forbes.com/afxnewslimited/feeds/afx/2008/12/22/afx5852110.html. Retrieved on 2008-12-23.
- ^ "Romania's PM designate pledges to cut spending". AP (via Google News). 2008-12-22. http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5h0Wm-sZhyz0P70iYL6u2suDW93OQD957UGKG0. Retrieved on 2008-12-23.
- ^ Agentia Nationala de Presa AGERPRES [unreliable source?]
- Website of the Central Electoral Office for the parliamentary elections
- Romanian Leftists Claim Victory in Parliamentary Election, 30 November 2008, Stefan Bos, VoA
- Romanian election neck-and-neck, 1 December 2008, BBC News
- Former Communists Claim Romanian Elections, 2 December 2008, Stefan Bos, VoA
- Tough coalition talks in Romania, 2 December 2008, BBC News
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