Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative

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IPA – number	182
IPA – text	ɕ
IPA – image
Entity	ɕ
X-SAMPA	s\
Kirshenbaum	S;
Sound sample (help·info)

The voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ɕ, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is s\.

Contents 1 Features 2 Occurrence 3 See also 4 References 5 Bibliography

[edit] Features

Features of the voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative:

• Its manner of articulation is sibilant fricative: it is produced by directing air flow through a groove in the tongue at the place of articulation and directing it over the sharp edge of the teeth, causing high-frequency turbulence.
• Its place of articulation is alveolo-palatal (palatalized laminal postalveolar): it is articulated with the front of the tongue behind the alveolar ridge, and the body (middle) of the tongue raised toward the palate.
• Its phonation type is voiceless: it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords.
• It is an oral consonant: air is allowed to escape through the mouth.
• It is a central consonant: it is produced by allowing the airstream to flow over the middle of the tongue, rather than the sides.
• The airstream mechanism is pulmonic egressive: it is articulated by pushing air out of the lungs and through the vocal tract, rather than from the glottis or the mouth.

[edit] Occurrence

Language		Word	IPA	Meaning	Notes
Catalan[1]		xinxa	[ˈɕinʲɕə]	'bedbug'	See Catalan phonology
Chinese	Mandarin	西安/Xī'ān	[ɕi˥ an˥]	'Xi'an'	Contrasts with /ʂ/. See Standard Mandarin
Chuvash		çиçĕм	[ˈɕiɕ̬ɘm]	'lightning'	Contrasts with /ʂ/ and /s/.
Danish		sjæl	[ɕɛːlˀ]	'soul'	See Danish phonology
Japanese[2]		塩/shio	[ɕio]	'salt'	See Japanese phonology
Kabardian		щэ	[ɕɛ]	'hundred'
Korean		시장/sijang	[ɕid͡ʑaŋ]	'market'	See Korean phonology
Polish[3]		śruba	[ɕruba] (help·info)	'screw'	Contrasts with /ʂ/. See Polish phonology
Russian		счастью	[ˈɕɕasʲtʲju]	'happiness (instrumental)'	Contrasts with /ʂ/ and /sʲ/. See Russian phonology
Swedish		kjol	[ɕuːl] (help·info)	'skirt'	See Swedish phonology
Tibetan	Lhasa dialect	བཞི་	[ɕi˨˧]	'four'	Contrasts with /ʂ/.

[edit] See also

• List of phonetics topics

[edit] References

[edit] Bibliography

• Jassem, Wiktor (2003), "Polish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (1): 103-107
• Okada, Hideo (1991), "Phonetic Representation:Japanese", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 21 (2): 94-97
• Recasens, Daniel & Maria Dolores Pallarès (2001), "Coarticulation, Assimilation and Blending in Catalan Consonant Clusters", Journal of Phonetics 29 (3): 273-301

v • d • e Consonants List · Table Pulmonics Bila​bial Labio​d. Den​tal Alv. Post. Retro​fl. Pal​a​tal Ve​lar Uvu​lar Pha​ryn. Epi​glot​t. Glot​tal Non-pulmonics and other symbols [edit • talk] Nasals m ɱ n̪ n ɳ ɲ ŋ ɴ  Clicks  ʘ ǀ ǃ ǂ ǁ Plosives p b p̪ b̪ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ  Impl.  ɓ ɗ ʄ ɠ ʛ Fricatives ɸ β f v θ ð s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ ʜ ʢ h ɦ  Eject.  pʼ tʼ kʼ qʼ sʼ Approxim. ʋ ɹ ɻ j ɰ  Affr.  p̪͡f t͡s d͡z t͡ʃ d͡ʒ t͡ɕ d͡ʑ ʈ͡ʂ ɖ͡ʐ t͡ɬ d͡ɮ Trills ʙ r • ʀ • Other laterals  ɺ • ɫ Flaps / taps ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ ɽ • • Co-art. fricatives  ɕ ʑ ɧ Lateral Fric. ɬ ɮ • • • Co-art. approxim.  ʍ w ɥ Lateral Appr. l ɭ ʎ ʟ Co-articulated stops  k͡p ɡ͡b ŋ͡m This table contains phonetic information in IPA, which may not display correctly in some browsers. [Help] Where symbols appear in pairs, the one to the right represents a voiced consonant. Shaded areas denote pulmonic articulations judged to be impossible. See also IPA · Vowels