From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) should be applied to represent German language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.
See German phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of German.
| Consonants |
| IPA |
Examples |
| b |
Ball |
| ç |
ich |
| d |
dann |
| f |
Fass |
| ɡ |
Gast |
| h |
hat |
| j |
ja |
| k |
kalt |
| l |
Last |
| m |
Mast |
| n |
Naht |
| ŋ |
lang |
| p |
Pakt |
| pf |
Pfahl |
| ʁ |
Rast |
| s |
Hast |
| ʃ |
schal |
| t |
Tal |
| ts |
Zahl |
| tʃ |
Matsch |
| v |
was |
| x |
Bach |
| z |
Hase |
| ʔ |
beamtet[1]
([bəˈʔamtət]) |
| Non-native consonants |
| ð |
Motherboard[2] |
| dʒ |
Gin |
| ɹ |
Rockband[3] |
| w |
Walkman[4] |
| θ |
Thread[5] |
| ʒ |
Genie |
| Stress |
| ˈ |
Bahnhofstraße
(/ˈbaːnhoːfˌʃtʁaːsə/) |
| ˌ |
|
| Vowels |
| IPA |
Examples |
| stressed and unstressed |
| a |
hat |
| aː |
bahn |
| aɪ |
weit |
| aʊ |
Haut |
| eː |
Beet |
| ɛ |
hätte |
| ɛː |
wähle[6] |
| iː |
viel |
| ɪ |
bist |
| oː |
Boot |
| ɔ |
Post |
| ɔʏ |
Heu |
| øː |
Öl |
| œ |
göttlich |
| uː |
Hut |
| ʊ |
Putz |
| yː |
Rübe |
| ʏ |
füllt |
| unstressed only |
| ɐ |
Ober |
| ə |
halte |
| Non-native vowels |
| e |
Methan |
| i |
vital |
| o |
Moral |
| ø |
Ökonom |
| u |
kulant |
| y |
Psychologe |
| ã |
Pensee[7] |
| ãː |
Gourmand[7] |
| ɛ̃ |
timbrieren[8] |
| ɛ̃ː |
Teint[8] |
| ɔ̃ |
Fondue[9] |
| ɔ̃ː |
Fond[9] |
| œ̃ |
Lundist[10] |
| œ̃ː |
Parfum[10] |
| Marginal vowels |
| ɔː |
Walkman[11] |
| ʌ |
Motherboard[12] |
|
| Semivowels |
| IPA |
Examples |
| ɐ̯ |
Uhr |
| i̯ |
Studie |
| u̯ |
aktuell |
|
- ^ Often not indicated at the beginning of a word, although all apparently vowel-initial words in German actually begin with [ʔ].
- ^ Many German speakers replace [ð] with [z].
- ^ Many German speakers replace [ɹ] with [ʁ].
- ^ Many German speakers replace [w] with [v].
- ^ Many German speakers replace [θ] with [s].
- ^ Often replaced by [eː]
- ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [aŋ].
- ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [ɛŋ].
- ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [ɔŋ].
- ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [œŋ].
- ^ Many German speakers replace [ɔː] with [ɔ] or [oː].
- ^ Many German speakers replace [ʌ] with [a].
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