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Wikipedia:IPA for German

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Wikipedia:IPA
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Wikipedia:IPA for Spanish

The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) should be applied to represent German language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

See German phonology for a more thorough look at the sounds of German.

Consonants
IPA Examples
b Ball
ç ich
d dann
f Fass
ɡ Gast
h hat
j ja
k kalt
l Last
m Mast
n Naht
ŋ lang
p Pakt
pf Pfahl
ʁ Rast
s Hast
ʃ schal
t Tal
ts Zahl
Matsch
v was
x Bach
z Hase
ʔ beamtet[1]
([bəˈʔamtət])
Non-native consonants
ð Motherboard[2]
Gin
ɹ Rockband[3]
w Walkman[4]
θ Thread[5]
ʒ Genie
Stress
ˈ Bahnhofstraße
(/ˈbaːnhoːfˌʃtʁaːsə/)
ˌ
Vowels
IPA Examples
stressed and unstressed
a hat
bahn
weit
Haut
Beet
ɛ hätte
ɛː wähle[6]
viel
ɪ bist
Boot
ɔ Post
ɔʏ Heu
øː Öl
œ göttlich
Hut
ʊ Putz
Rübe
ʏ füllt
unstressed only
ɐ Ober
ə halte
Non-native vowels
e Methan
i vital
o Moral
ø Ökonom
u kulant
y Psychologe
ã Pensee[7]
ãː Gourmand[7]
ɛ̃ timbrieren[8]
ɛ̃ː Teint[8]
ɔ̃ Fondue[9]
ɔ̃ː Fond[9]
œ̃ Lundist[10]
œ̃ː Parfum[10]
Marginal vowels
ɔː Walkman[11]
ʌ Motherboard[12]
Semivowels
IPA Examples
ɐ̯ Uhr
Studie
aktuell

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ Often not indicated at the beginning of a word, although all apparently vowel-initial words in German actually begin with [ʔ].
  2. ^ Many German speakers replace [ð] with [z].
  3. ^ Many German speakers replace [ɹ] with [ʁ].
  4. ^ Many German speakers replace [w] with [v].
  5. ^ Many German speakers replace [θ] with [s].
  6. ^ Often replaced by [eː]
  7. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [aŋ].
  8. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [ɛŋ].
  9. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [ɔŋ].
  10. ^ a b Sometimes replaced by [œŋ].
  11. ^ Many German speakers replace [ɔː] with [ɔ] or [oː].
  12. ^ Many German speakers replace [ʌ] with [a].

[edit] Bibliography

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